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NEW QUESTION 17
Which of the following ethnic groups is at highest risk in the United States for pesticide-related injuries?
- A. Asian-Pacific
- B. Hispanic
- C. Norwegian
- D. Native American
Answer: B
Explanation:
Because Hispanic people represent a large percentage of migrant workers in the United States, many work in agricultural settings and might be exposed to pesticides, putting them at higher risk than the other groups.Safety and Infection Control
NEW QUESTION 18
A nurse is working in an outpatient orthopedic clinic. During the patient's history the patient reports, "I tore 3 of my 4 Rotator cuff muscles in the past." Which of the following muscles cannot be considered as possibly being torn?
- A. Teres minor
- B. Supraspinatus
- C. Teres major
- D. Infraspinatus
Answer: C
Explanation:
Teres Minor, Infraspinatus, Supraspinatus, and Subscapularis make up the Rotator Cuff.
NEW QUESTION 19
Narrow therapeutic index medications:
- A. have limited potency and side effects.
- B. have less than a twofold difference in minimum toxic levels and minimum effective concentration in the blood.
- C. have limited value and require no monitoring of blood levels.
- D. are drug formulations with limited pharmacokinetic variability.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The therapeutic index is the ratio between the median lethal dose and median effective dose of a drug. It provides a general indication of the margin of safety of a drug. Choice 1 is incorrect because pharmacokinetics is the process of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Choice 2 is incorrect because narrow therapeutic index drugs require close monitoring since there is often little difference between the desired drug effect and toxicity. Choice 4 is incorrect because narrow therapeutic index drugs have the
potential for severe
toxic effects with only slight increases in the dose or slight decreases in elimination.
Pharmacological Therapies
NEW QUESTION 20
Central venous access devices (CVADs) are frequently utilized to administer chemotherapy. What is an advantage of using CVADs for chemotherapeutic agent administration?
- A. Chemotherapeutic agents can be caustic to smaller veins.
- B. Weekly administration is possible.
- C. The client or family can administer the drug at home.
- D. CVADs are less expensive than a peripheral IV.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Many chemotherapeutic drugs are vesicants (highly active corrosive materials that can produce tissue damage even in low concentrations). Administration into a large vein is optimal. Choice 1 is incorrect because CVADs are more expensive than a peripheral IV. Choice 2 is incorrect because dosing depends on the drug. Choice 4 is incorrect because IV chemotherapeutic agents are not routinely administered at home; they are usually given in a hospital or in an outpatient or clinic setting.Pharmacological Therapies
NEW QUESTION 21
Which statement about appendicitis is accurate and true?
- A. A high fiber diet is a risk factor associated with appendicitis.
- B. Left lower quadrant pain is suggestive of appendicitis.
- C. Mc Burney's point tenderness is suggestive of appendicitis.
- D. Appendicitis is more common among females than males.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Section: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Explanation:
Mc Burney's point tenderness in the right lower quadrant is suggestive of appendicitis.
Appendicitis is more common among males than females and those with a high carbohydrate and/or low fiber diet are at risk for this inflammation and infection.
NEW QUESTION 22
Which of the following strategies should the nurse include when planning care for children of migrant workers?
- A. Schedule preventive services at acute illness visits.
- B. Stress the importance of using one primary care provider.
- C. Provide parents with copies of medical records.
- D. Delay immunization because of acute illness.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Migrant workers should be provided with the medical records and immunization records for their children, including growth charts. The parents should also be encouraged to take those records with them to every health care visit, including Emergency Department visits. It is important to provide immunizations even when the child is there for an acute illness because preventive care is often not obtained. Preventive services should also be provided, not scheduled, when a child presents for an acute illness. Using a single primary care provider is not an option for most migrant families. The nurse should ask the parents about where they are going next and give them the name, address, and phone numbers of providers there.
Health Promotion and Maintenance
NEW QUESTION 23
The nurse's first action upon discovery of an electrical fire should be which of the following?
- A. Disconnect the electrical power if it can be performed safely.
- B. Activate the fire alarm immediately.
- C. Smother the source with an object such as a blanket.
- D. Saturate the source with water or other readily available liquid.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Section: Safe and Effective Care Environment
Explanation:
If it is safe to do so, the nurse should disconnect electrical devices from the power source.
Smothering with a blanket is not indicated in an electrical fire and might serve to fuel the fire, just as water or other liquids might incite an explosion or flames.
The fire alarm should be activated promptly, and this should be the next action after disconnecting the electrically powered equipment.
NEW QUESTION 24
Local anesthetics block the conduction of pain impulses to the spinal cord. Their duration of action:
- A. is determined by the rate of diffusion and absorption at the site of administration.
- B. is usually short (10 minutes).
- C. is always longer than general anesthesia.
- D. varies, depending on the client's weight.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Diffusion and absorption depend on the chemical properties of the anesthetic and other factors such as local pH and blood flow. Duration might or might not be longer than general anesthesia. Duration can be short if the type of local anesthetic is a short-acting agent. Client weight is not a factor.Pharmacological Therapies
NEW QUESTION 25
The PN participates in a home visit for a patient with Type 2 Diabetes who has been taking Metformin for 3 years. The patient states that for the past 3 months, they have been trying a vegan diet and experiencing fatigue, confusion, and mood changes.
What is a likely cause of the new symptoms?
- A. vitamin D deficiency
- B. chronic hypoglycemia
- C. vitamin B12 deficiency
- D. increased tolerance to Metformin
Answer: C
Explanation:
Section: Physiological Integrity
NEW QUESTION 26
The nurse is teaching a client about the use of Rifampin for prophylaxis after an exposure to meningitis. What change in bodily functions should the nurse advise the client about?
- A. The client's urine might turn blue.
- B. The client's contact lenses might be stained orange.
- C. The client's skin might take on a crimson glow.
- D. The client remains infectious to others for 48 hours.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Rifampin has the unusual effect of turning body fluids an orange color.
Soft contact lenses might become permanently stained.
Clients should be taught about these side effects to avoid unnecessary concern.Safety and Infection Control
NEW QUESTION 27
Client self-determination is the primary focus of __________.
- A. health care.
- B. nursing's advocacy for clients.
- C. confidentiality.
- D. malpractice insurance.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Section: Safe and Effective Care Environment
Explanation:
Advocacy for clients by nurses is the primary focus of the client's right to autonomy and self-determination.
Confidentiality involves the maintenance of the privacy of the client and information regarding him or her.
Malpractice insurance is a type of insurance for professionals.
NEW QUESTION 28
Using clichés in therapeutic communication leads the client toward:
- A. feeling discounted.
- B. accepting himself as human.
- C. viewing the nurse as human.
- D. self-disclosing.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The use of clichés in therapeutic communication is commonly construed by the client as the nurse's lack of understanding, involvement, and caring, so the client might feel demeaned and discounted. Psychosocial Integrity
NEW QUESTION 29
Which of the following is the most appropriate diet for a client who is unable to swallow?
- A. clear liquids
- B. nothing by mouth
- C. total parenteral nutrition
- D. nasogastric feedings
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Nasogastric feedings are most appropriate for a client who is unable to swallow. Nothing by mouth leads to nutritional deficiencies. The client might aspirate a clear liquid diet. TPN is not necessary as long as the gut is still functioning. Reduction of Risk Potential
NEW QUESTION 30
Regardless of their practice area, nurses should be concerned with:
- A. all drug-resistant bacteria.
- B. overprescription of bacteriostatic drugs.
- C. transmission of microorganisms.
- D. microorganisms that are critical.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
All nurses should be concerned with preventing the transmission of microorganisms to themselves as well as to others. One way to accomplish this goal is by asepsis. Nursing practice focuses on providing a safe and therapeutic environment to protect clients, family members, and health care providers from acquiring infections. Safety and Infection Control
NEW QUESTION 31
Which type of diet should the nurse provide to help a client who has major burns maintain a positive nitrogen balance?
- A. low carbohydrate
- B. low protein
- C. high carbohydrate
- D. high protein
Answer: D
Explanation:
Clients with burns are hypermetabolic and require increased protein levels to maintain a positive nitrogen balance. Choices 2 and 3 are incorrect; carbohydrate levels do not help clients to meet this goal. Choice 4 is incorrect; a client with major burns requires a high-protein diet.Basic Care and Comfort
NEW QUESTION 32
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